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ADHD Medication in the UK The drugs for ADHD help to reduce symptoms by increasing brain activity in specific regions. They also increase the production of neurotransmitters that are deficient in people with ADHD. Stimulant medicines are the most frequently prescribed medication for adult ADHD in the UK. They increase activity in areas of the brain involved in attention and impulse control. Stimulants In the UK, there are two types of medication that are approved for adults ADHD treatment including stimulants and nonstimulant drugs. stimulants, which boost brain activity in areas that regulate behavior and attention are usually the first option. These include methylphenidate also known as Ritalin, and Lisdexamfetamine. These tablets can be taken multiple times per day as a short-acting pill or once a week in the form of a long-acting pill that releases into the bloodstream throughout the day. In the beginning, the dose of the medication could require adjustment and monitored (titrated) to determine the dose that is effective for you. Stimulants have a long history of use both medicinally and as recreational drugs. During the 1930s amphetamines were often used by truck drivers, students, and athletes for their energy boosters. Amphetamines can be very dangerous and have a high risk of abuse. They are abused as they make people feel great and can stimulate the mind in ways that lead them to addiction. The most common side-effects of stimulants include loss of appetite, difficulty sleeping and problems with digestion or stomach. These issues can be addressed by adjusting the dose or timing. They are generally tolerated by most adults. Children may experience more serious adverse effects, including weight gain, tics and irritability. Non-stimulant ADHD medications function differently than stimulants, and it may take some time for them to begin working. Clonidine and Guanfacine (brand names Catapres and Intuniv) are both alpha agonists which work by stimulating specific receptors in the brain to increase concentration, decrease hyperactivity and impulsivity, and reduce behavioural issues like aggression and tics. They can be used as a supplement to ADHD stimulant medications or used on their own by children aged 6-17. Atomoxetine (brand name Strattera) is another non-stimulant medication for ADHD that increases levels of the neurotransmitter Noradrenaline to improve impulse control and improve concentration. It can be prescribed alone, but it is most often combined with guanfacine in children. These drugs don't have the same negative side effects as stimulants but can cause headaches and difficulty sleeping. Atomoxetine While stimulant medicines like Ritalin and Adderall are usually recommended for children with ADHD However, some children do not respond to these medications. For these children medications known as nonstimulants are a possibility. They boost the communication between brain regions, nerves and areas of the brain. This helps children control their impulsivity and improve their concentration. Nonstimulant ADHD medications use different active ingredients than stimulants. They also do not have the potential for abuse and aren't controlled substances. Atomoxetine (Strattera) is one of the newest non-stimulant medicines that treat ADHD in adults, children and teenagers. It is an antidepressant, and has been shown to reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the amount of a chemical known as noradrenaline that is present in the brain. Noradrenaline sends messages between brain cells and is involved in attention, impulsivity, and motivation. Atomoxetine due to its unique mechanism of action it does not suffer from the same adverse effects as other antidepressants like Wellbutrin or Effexor. It is available to children as young as 5 years old. It is taken either once or twice daily in tablet form. Atomoxetine gives a steady, continuous control of ADHD symptoms, which means it may help reduce problems in the evening, as the effects of stimulants diminish. Both clonidine and guanfacine are available as non-stimulant ADHD medication. These are typically prescribed to children who haven't responded to stimulant medication or have problems with their adverse effects. They can be used in conjunction with stimulants, such as Adderall XR, (amphetamines salts), to treat ADHD more effectively. Follow the advice of your doctor If you or your child is receiving treatment with a nonstimulant ADHD medicine. They'll likely recommend starting with low doses and gradually increasing them. They will also want to know about any other medications you or your child is taking, so they can ensure that for interactions. You'll need to attend regular appointments and inform your GP be aware of any concerns or adverse reactions from the medication. They'll be able to modify your dosage or provide advice on alternative treatments, like talk therapy. Unlicensed Medication The medication used to treat ADHD in adults is a range of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs. Psychiatrists may also prescribe medicines that are off-label for the condition (these are drugs that are licensed for other conditions but have emerging evidence of their effectiveness in adults with ADHD). These are typically antidepressants such as bupropion or venflaxine, both of which have been shown to have some beneficial effect in the condition and are well tolerated at lower doses than the ones found in licensed treatments. Sometimes, unlicensed drugs are prescribed to a patient in cases where there is a medical need that is unique to the patient and the prescription cannot be fulfilled with a licensed alternative. This is for patients whose normal medication is temporarily unavailable because of supply disruptions or other reasons, or patients who require the use of a liquid version of an approved capsule or tablet for reasons such as intolerance or allergy. Unlicensed medications are usually described as'specials' however this term could also apply to medicines which are 'off-label', or that are prepared or distributed in a manner that is not covered under the license of the medicine. Examples include crushing tablets to make them easier for patients to swallow. Other options include adding liquid to a licensed capsule or tablet to create a mixture that can be administered via injection. Healthcare professionals will generally only use unlicensed medications as a last option and when they feel that there is no alternative that is licensed. They will carefully evaluate several options to meet the specific needs of each patient. They will also review regularly treatments and outcomes taking into account both clinical experience and new licensed treatments. It is essential that any unlicensed medicine used to treat patients is safe and effective and the reason for prescribing it should be recorded in the patient's record. If a patient experiences adverse effects from an off-label treatment they must be reported to the MHRA's Yellow Card scheme. The information provided will be used by the MHRA to update the marketing authorisation of the medication and ensure that future prescriptions are safe and effective. Talk Therapy A therapist working with you to help identify your issues and find ways to manage. They can also offer you guidance and advice on how to change your ways of thinking and acting to feel more positive. It is essential to complete the recommended number of sessions in order to make you feel better. The amount of neurotransmitters within your brain can help reduce ADHD symptoms. These are chemicals that allow your neurons to pass on messages to help you focus your mind and avoid distractions. There are two types of ADHD medications that include stimulants and non-stimulants. They function in slightly different ways however they all increase the amount of neurotransmitters within your brain. There are several medications licenced in the UK to treat ADHD. The most commonly used medication is methylphenidate. It is available as immediate-release tablets, which are taken in small doses 2 to 3 times daily. Or as modified-release tablets that are taken weekly, but released throughout the course of the day. These medications aren't an effective treatment for ADHD however they can help to control and focus on an impulsive behavior. They are generally tolerated well, however your physician will closely monitor your progress to ensure you get the right dose and do not experience any adverse negative effects. The treatment can take a few weeks to reach the best dosage and could need to be titrated (changed frequently) to determine the best dosage for you. Non-stimulant medicines like atomoxetine (available only on prescription) can be more efficient and have less risk of addiction than stimulants. medication for adhd in adults have a stronger evidence basis, however they aren't as well-tolerated. Some people suffer from problems with their memory, appetite or sleep. Your doctor will be able to monitor your progress and decide whether you should keep taking the atomoxetine drug or switch to a different treatment. People with ADHD are unable to find permanent solutions with medication or therapy. However, they can help improve your ability to deal with your symptoms and lead a happy life. Combining therapy with medication sessions will help you get the most benefit from your treatment. You'll learn strategies for coping and recognize unhelpful patterns of behaviour and thought. For some, their improved confidence and mood may persist beyond the conclusion of their treatment.